Determination of Genetic Distance, Genome Size and Chromosome Numbers to Support Breeding in Ornamental Lavandula Species

Knowledge of phylogenetic relatedness and cytogenetic characteristics can facilitate breeding programs interspecific hybridization in ornamentals. In this study genetic relationships, genome sizes chromosome numbers were determined a collection 82 lavender genotypes, including 15 hybrids. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) marker analysis revealed 5 clusters, corresponding to the sections Lavandula, Stoechas, Dentatae, Pterostoechas Subnudae. Genome varied between 0.76 ± 0.02 pg 2C−1 4.80 0.06 ranged from 2n = 22 100. hybrids intermediate progenitors sizes. All analyzed hybrid genotypes characterized by even numbers, with 48 or 50. Using Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) separate clusters identified progenitor species clusters. Polyploidy and/or aneuploidy was observed two genotypes: L. × intermedia ‘Heavenly Angel’ (2n 100) heterophylla ‘Big Boy James’ 66). Results obtained be used predict cross compatibility among different species, thus enabling targeted towards creation new improved Lavandula cultivars.